Realizing sustainable development depends on “greening finance”—that is, ensuring that the financial institutions charged with allocating available financial assets take environmental and social factors into account when allocating credit, making investments and providing other financial services such as insurance. Transforming from a resource and pollution-intensive economy to a green economy is now a strategic priority for China. Success depends on the development of green industries and the transformation and reduced importance of many traditional industries. Key priorities include clean energy, industrial energy conservation, building energy conservation, transport energy conservation, improvement of energy efficiency and environmental pollution control. Investment needs across key green sectors in China will be approximately RMB2.9 trillion per year from 2015 to 2020 (US$460 billion). Two thirds of this, about RMB2.0 trillion annually (US$320 billion), will need to come from domestic and international financial and capital markets, given fiscal limitations and priorities.